The Devolutionary Period

devolve  “ to transfer (duty, work, or responsibility) to someone else:...(those who, because they are too busy or too ignorant to discharge the higher duties of self-government, have been glad to devolve them upon their representatives) -Charles H. Pearson.” - Thorndike/Barnhart World Book Dictionary, © 1969.

   The period of time beginning loosely around 1890 and ending sometime around the early 1920s is known as the “Devolutionary Period.” The Devolutionary Period is so-named, because of the huge transfers of power which were being set up at the state and federal level in order to turn control of our monetary system over to the soon to be established private Federal Reserve Bank and private corporations.  Because of the ultimate ability of the private, run-for-profit, Federal Reserve Bank to fund our government with fictionally-created, fiat money, our entire Congress, President and state governmental infrastructures have become beholden, via legislative fiat, to the private banks and corporations who fund all aspects of those governing bodies.  The Congress, Senate, and President have, in effect, due to the greed of temporary monetary gain at the genesis of the period, and perpetuated by ignorance of all future lawmakers, as well as the quiet acquiescence of the court systems, all devolved their constitutionally-enumerated powers to the Federal Reserve bank and other affiliated agencies, clubs, and corporations. 

   States also became de-facto businesses, licensing (for a fee) many things they previously felt no need to have an interest in.

“To put the matter bluntly, there is under way in the United States at the present time a definite and determined movement to change our representative republic into a socialistic democracy.” - Why Should we Change Our Form of Government?, ©1911 Nicholas Butler (Pres. Columbia University), p. 4.

   The beginning of the Devolutionary Period saw subtle but distinct changes in the way our educational system, via the public schools, teaches civics to the students.  While it began in the 1900’s, the slide has been steep and definite over the past 90+ years to the point that US History, Civics, Government, Economics and all of the machinery that is used to maintain and run a country is not taught to the people who, ultimately will be electing public officials to do just that.

"There are many who feel that the rising generation of Americans is growing up without any proper knowledge of the fundamental principles of American institutions and American government.  Because of this lack of knowledge, well-meaning men lend ear quite too readily to demagogues who propose to them all sorts of schemes without any relation, save one of antagonism, to established political principles...

...The Americans of an earlier day got their training in the fundamental principles of citizenship from the stern facts which faced them.  This was the school in which the nation's fathers were educated...

"...Today, however, one hears much less of these fundamental principles.  There are those among us, some of them in places of responsibility and great influence, who call these principles out-worn, antiquated, obstacles to popular government, and who would substitute the passing desire of today for the carefully wrought design of all time." - Why Should we Change Our Form of Government?, ©1911 Nicholas Butler (Pres. Columbia University), pp. 99-100. Excerpts from an address before the National Education Association at Denver, Colorado, July 6, 1909)

   During the Devolutionary Period, many states slowly and quietly began adopting military, or “admiralty” law which is reflected by the change in their state flags to the gold-fringe border.  Maine adopted military jurisdiction over their legislature and courts in 1909 with the “Act designating the official flag of the State of Maine and describing the same; providing for the carrying of such flag by the regiments of the National Guard of the State to provide and have deposited in the office of the Adjutant General a model of said flag and making an appropriation therefore;”   The act describes the state flag as one with gold fringe and tassels and was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.- Maine House Journal, 1909, p. 63

   On March 6, 1902 the Bureau of the Census was established as a permanent office (32 Stat. 51) within the Department of Commerce.  Reporting alongside the Chief Economist to the Undersecretary for Economic Affairs, the  Bureau of Census receives all birth and death certificates from the states in an effort to keep track of the “human resources.”  It is interesting to note that humans began to be kept track of by the Commerce Department - since they were soon to be utilized by the government as collateral against future loans from the yet to be formed Federal Reserve Bank.

   “Beginning in 1880, the Bureau of Census recognized a “registration area” within which death figures were collected suitable for the bureau’s purposes.  Birth figures were added in 1915.  By 1933 all states were included in the registration area for both deaths and births.” - Lincoln Library of essential information, Frontier Press, 1965, Vol. II  p. 2116

   The “National Guard” began replacing the state militias as early as 1895, which increased federal control over the states and began removing the citizenry from their proper role in government - as protectors of their own rights. (The "National Guard" was supposedly created by the National Defense Act of 1916, but is mentioned by name in the Maine House Journal, 1907, pp. 319, 681, 710, 730, and 806; it is also discussed in the Statutes of Maine:  Freeman's Supplement, 1885-1895 - Laws of 1895, c. 3, p. 4)

   In Maine, debtor prisons were eliminated in 1893 (Statutes of Maine:  Freeman's Supplement 1885-1895).  Debtor's prisons imprisoned people who borrowed money and did not pay it back.  With the money system of that time being one based primarily upon gold or silver, if one borrowed any money and did not repay it, it was, in fact, considered stealing.   Since the upcoming Federal Reserve Bank’s theory of money practice was based upon credit money, nothing of substantive value was actually going to be loaned out (the monetizing of signatures via ledger-entry accounting would become the new “money”).  Debtor's prisons had to be eliminated because this loophole would soon be exploited for the defense of alleged debtors because debt-based money is created from nothing and is impossible to steal in that respect because there is no value contained in it other than a ledger-entry at the bank.  Since banks counterfeit money from nothing as a ledger-entry and exchange it for the promissory note, when they attempt to place “borrower” (actually, “exchanger”) in a debtor prison for non-payment of the alleged “debt”, he could bring up the defense that the bank did not loan any of their own money – that is money with intrinsic value – they simply created it from nothing the same way a counterfeiter does and exchanged it for his promissory note, which they accepted for equal value as an asset on their books.

   This would expose the Federal Reserve’s fraudulent fiat debt money system for the absolute scam that it is and the whole “house of cards” would come tumbling down around their ankles.  Potentially millions of angry Americans finding out they’ve been stolen from wouldn't be a pretty picture, and there wouldn't be enough prisons to put them all in.

   After the “Panic of 1907”, the National Monetary Commission was created and headed by New York Senator Nelson W. Aldrich.  The NMC was set up to review the nation’s entire financial structure and make recommendations to Congress regarding any changes which should be made.  Senator Aldrich was also key in the formation of the Federal Reserve Act which privatized our nation’s money system.

   In May of 1908, with the passage of the Aldrich-Vreeland Act, banks were free to issue notes backed by commercial paper (or promises to pay) and bonds of state and local governments

   The sixteenth amendment to the US Constitution was proposed on July 12, 1909 which would allow for the federal collection of an income tax that was not appropriated evenly among the states - contrary to the constitution.

On August 31, 1910, President Theodore Roosevelt made a speech at Osawatomie, Kansas where he advocated a graduated income tax and inheritance taxes.  He also said, "I stand for the square deal; property shall be the servant and not the master of the commonwealth."- Almanac of American History, ©Brompton Books Corporation, p. 419   This appears to be setting the stage for property to be the "servant" by acting as collateral for the commonwealth's new loans of artificial money - an idea that was still being formed by Aldrich's National Monetary Commission.

   On May 11, 1911 in United States v. Grimaud, the U.S. Supreme Court finds that the Federal Government, by reason of “administrative discretion”, has authority over forest reserves.  The Court withholds outright delegation of legislative power, but in effect takes overall authority away from the states.  This laid the groundwork for the establishment of the 10 federal regions during the “New Deal” era of the 1930’s and federalization of all land in the US in order to be handed over to the banks as collateral against the loans which would be taken out by the government.  In his first inaugural address in 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated, “...accomplishing greatly needed projects to stimulate and reorganize the use of our natural resources.”

   On February 25, 1913 the 16th Amendment to the Constitution was fraudulently passed and accepted by a misinformed public, to be followed by the Federal Reserve Act in December of that year.  On October 22, 1914 the Revenue Act passes Congress, imposing the first income tax on incomes over $3,000.

   The Devolutionary period also witnessed our Republican form of government phased out and replaced by a populist/democratic national government with the passage of the 17th amendment which took away the right of the State Legislatures to delegate Senators to Congress and, instead allowed Senators to be popularly elected by the people.

   In the beginning years of the 20th century, most of the younger Western States and many of the older ones had passed resolutions in favor of a change from the nomination of Senators by the legislature of the respective States to a popular election. (see Our National Government, Perry Mason Company, © 1904, p. 121). Since the people at large already popularly elected the House of Representatives, and the Senate was beginning to be popularly elected as well, the States were finally excluded from the decision-making at the federal level.  This effectively abolished the Federal side of our bi-cameral system by relinquishing the rights of the State Legislatures to nominate their own representative.  Now both the House and the Senate are essentially popularly elected “representatives” of the people with the States having no representation at all.  Because Senators are now accountable to the people, instead of the State legislatures, we now have a purely national/democratic government only, with the abolition of the States’ representatives and the dissolution of the Republican form constructed by the Federal Constitution

    Some states began forming standing armies in the guise of “State police” at the beginning of the Devolutionary Period.  This new system of law “enforcement” was put in place in order to enforce the future bankruptcies, which were intended to happen under the planned debt-based monetary system.  County Sheriffs were slowly being federalized, as well as County Coroners being phased out as elected officials who could serve writs on the Sheriff, stand in for the Sheriff upon removal or retirement, and summon juries for wrongful death investigations.  

   Driver’s licensing and vehicle registration was beginning to be implemented as a foundational idea in some states during the Devolutionary Period, but did not take off until after the bankruptcy of the United States in 1933.

“In general, the revenues fall into the following...categories... (2) Fees, or highway-privilege dues, exacted from individuals or corporations enjoying a special privilege of using the streets and roads of the state in providing public services, such as those furnished by electric railway, lighting, telephone, and water companies” (Only five states reported receipts from this source in 1928.  The receipts, aggregating $210,810, came principally from electric railways for paving between tracks and for the use of state bridges.)” - Introduction to American Government, Frederic A. Ogg, Ph D, LL.D. and P. Orman Ray, Ph D,  ©1931, pp. 788-789.

   Another seriously destructive act, which was taking place during the Devolutionary Period, was that items of insignificant importance, which should have been merely legislation in the form of a statute, were actually beginning to be encoded into the State constitutions across the country.  Because a constitution should be the outline of how the government is to run and amendments should be few and of significant importance, adding acts of legislation to them only served to trivialize and weaken them in the public mind all the way to present day.

   We also, as a society, started treating our representatives as “delegates” and demanded they represent the “will of the people” from one moment to the next.  Since the learned and educated scholar was unable to impress his knowledge and understanding of a matter over and above the powerful force of the will of the people, our legislation began to slip rapidly toward total democracy. 

   Referendums also came into use during the Devolutionary Period slowly, but persistently, in order to reduce the power and effectiveness of representatives; thus transforming us into a Democracy, rather than Representative Republic. 

   The office of representative deteriorated further with the creation of the recall vote.  Despite the lessons learned from the history of Athens where generals were elected by popular vote and subject to recall every two months (and that system of government eventually destroying itself), we began subjecting representatives to the same brisk winds of change that always occur within a populous by threatening them at every turn with recall.  This further subjected them to the “will of the people” and moved us even closer to a socialistic democracy.  

   The widespread use of un-elected commissions and/or associations began to develop in the Devolutionary period.  With so-called "model" legislation being drafted by lawyers, commissioners, or other un-elected persons, the State legislature assumed less and less control over the understanding of a law and delegated that authority of understanding those groups.  Some sources of legislation come from such obscure groups as:  The Council of State Governments, the American Law Institute, the American Bar Association, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, the Committee of Corporate Laws of the Corporations Section of the American Bar Association, the National Association of Secretaries of State, and the International Association of Commercial Administrators, to name a few.  None of these entities are elected by the people and the bills they produce are lackadaisically treated in the various State Legislatures by being presented as "ought to pass" and "ought not to pass" on the House floor with little or no debate or understanding of the language presented.

   Acquiescence of our money supply and the control thereof was devolved to a private, for-profit corporation known as the Federal Reserve bank in 1913.  The Federal Reserve was authorized by Congress to legally counterfeit money from nothing and loan said 'credit' to the government and all of the citizenry.  Those colorable letters of credit, back by nothing but a promise, were then to be paid in gold.  Since no gold was loaned out and the loans required the principal plus interest to be paid in gold, our nation quickly found itself unable to pay its bills, which culminated in the bankruptcy of the United States in 1933.  Like the First Bank of the United States' and the Second Bank of the United States' charters, the Federal Reserve bank also enjoyed an initial 20 year charter - which, coincidentally was due to expire and up for renewal in 1933.

  Today, the Federal Reserve Bank effectively controls our military because:

    “Pursuant to the Defense Production Act of 1950 and Executive Order 10480 of August 14, 1953, as amended, the (Federal Reserve) board prescribes regulations under which the Federal Reserve banks act as fiscal agents of certain government departments and agencies in guaranteeing loans made by banks and other private financing institutions to finance contracts for the procurement of materials or services which the guaranteeing agencies consider necessary for the national defense.” - Encyclopedia of Banking and Finance, Glen G. Munn, ©1983, pp. 350 - 351.

   Please note in the above excerpt from the Encyclopedia of Banking and Finance how the Federal Reserve banks act as agents and, as the guaranteeing agencies, they decide and approve loans for materials or services, which they consider necessary for the national defense.  This is just a brief illustration how events established during the Devolutionary Period have transpired over a short period of time and expanded the powers of the privately owned Federal Reserve Bank.

   Because all money is created from nothing and collateralized by the labor and property contained within the United States, the events that have been listed above as transpiring during the Devolutionary Period must have taken place in order for a fiat, ledger-entry money system to be formed.  

Just prior to the Devolutionary Period was the formation of the Organization of American States (1890), which is a multi-lateral agreement between all nations in the Western Hemisphere for a form of regional government that would eventually operate under the auspices of a global dictating body.  The OAS finally received its charter in 1948.  The Inter-American Defense Board, the oldest permanently constituted, international military organization in the world (formed in 1942) acts as the technical military advisor for the OAS. - U.S. Government Manual, 2000-2001, pp. 585-589.

   In 1891, Maine began the practice of licensing dogs for a fee - a practice previously unheard of.

   In 1893, Maine adopted in part the tenth plank of Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto by requiring compulsory free education for all children between the ages of eight and fifteen years old.  

   In summary, the powers that set the Devolutionary Period into motion accomplished the following goals:

1.)  National Guard replaces State Guard/a.k.a. Militia

2.)  Military/Admiralty jurisdiction over the citizenry

3.)  Unconstitutional income tax

4.)  Foundation laid for Driver’s licensing/vehicle

       registration

5.)  Foundation laid for use of Birth/Marriage Certificates

6.)  Federalization of the National Forests for use as

       collateral on future loans.

7.)  Begin the elimination of the County Coroner’s Office

8.)  Begin Federalizing Police and Sheriff offices

9.)  Elimination of Debtor Prisons

10.)  State Police begin forming

11.)  Phasing out of Republican form of government at the

        national level.

12.)  Privatization of the nation’s monetary system and

        transferring the wealth (gold) to a privately-owned

        central bank.

13.)  Consolidating the Bureau of Census under the

        Undersecretary for Economic Affairs within the

        Department of Commerce.

14.)  State Constitutions began to be amended with mere acts

        of legislation, instead of true legitimate amendments.

15.)  Representatives began to bend to the “will of the

         people” from one day to the next - moving us toward

         a total democracy (rule by the majority).

16.)   The recall vote was instituted in order to threaten

         representatives with removal if they did not do the

         will of the people.

17.)   Our public education system began to stop teaching

          civics and political science from the standpoint that

          the founders began with.

18.)   Initiatives and referendums replace power of representatives.

19.)   The widespread use of un-elected commissions and associations in writing

          legislation.

20.)    Congress devolved power over the money to a private, for profit

          central bank - the Federal Reserve.

21.)    National Sovereignty began eroding with the entertainment of the 

          concept of the Organization of American States.

The logical culmination of all of these new powers was to set the country up for domination by a world governing body headed up regionally by the Council on Foreign Relations (formed in 1921) and administered by the Federal Reserve Bank who controls the supply of all the (credit) money our country unfortunately adopted as a national currency.  After World War I was created, it was hoped by the powers functioning during the Devolutionary Period that the US would accept the League of Nations treaty for that purpose.  The treaty was rejected, but all of the framework was finally in place to plunge the nation into unpayable debt, an ultimate bankruptcy and eventual receivership all under the perceived control of “official authorities” who are individually too compartmentalized to understand how their own job (i.e. state police, national guard, tax assessors, bankers, etc.), as established during the Devolutionary Period effects changes on a geopolitical scale.